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This document presents information on the design of slabs-on-ground,
primarily industrial floors. The report addresses the planning, design, and
detailing of slabs. Background information on design theories is followed by
discussion of the types of slabs, soil-support systems, loadings, and jointing.
Design methods are given for unreinforced concrete, reinforced concrete,
shrinkage-compensating concrete, post-tensioned concrete, fiber-reinforced
concrete slabs-on-ground, and slabs-on-ground in refrigerated buildings,
followed by information on shrinkage and curling problems. Advantages and
disadvantages of each of these slab designs are provided, including the ability
of some slab designs to minimize cracking and curling more than others.
Even with the best slab designs and proper construction, however, it is
unrealistic to expect crack-free and curl-free floors. Consequently, every owner
should be advised by both the designer and contractor that it is normal to
expect some amount of cracking and curling on every project, and that such
occurrence does not necessarily reflect adversely on either the adequacy of the
floor’s design or the quality of its construction. Design examples appear in
an appendix.
ACI 360R-06 - Design of Slabs On Ground - Table of Contents:
Introduction, p. 360R-3
Purpose and scope
Work of Committee 360 and other relevant committees
Work of non-ACI organizations
Design theories for slabs-on-ground
Overview of subsequent chapters
Further research
Slab types, p. 360R-5
Introduction
Slab types
General comparison of slab types
Design and construction variables
Conclusion
Support systems for slabs-on-ground, p. 360R-7
Introduction
Geotechnical engineering reports
Subgrade classification
Modulus of subgrade reaction
Design of slab-support system
Site preparation
Inspection and site testing of slab support
Special slab-on-ground support problems
Loads, p. 360R-17
Introduction
Vehicular loads
Concentrated loads
Distributed loads
Line and strip loads
Unusual loads
Construction loads
Environmental factors
Factors of safety
Joints, p. 360R-21
Introduction
Load-transfer mechanisms
Sawcut contraction joints
Joint protection
Joint filling and sealing
Design of unreinforced concrete slabs, p. 360R-29
Introduction
Thickness design methods
Shear transfer at joints
Maximum joint spacing
Design of slabs reinforced for crackwidth control, p. 360R-32
Introduction
Thickness design methods
Reinforcement for crack-width control only
Reinforcement for moment capacity
Reinforcement location
Design of shrinkage-compensating concrete slabs, p. 360R-32
Introduction
Thickness determination
Reinforcement
Other considerations
Design of post-tensioned slabs-onground, p. 360R-36
Notation
Definitions
Introduction
Applicable design procedures
Slabs post-tensioned for crack control
Industrial slabs with post-tensioned reinforcement for structural support
Residential slabs with post-tensioned reinforcement for structural action
Design for slabs on expansive soils
Design for slabs on compressible soil
Fiber-reinforced concrete slabs-onground, p. 360R-45
Introduction
Polymeric fiber reinforcement
Steel fiber reinforcement
Structural slabs-on-ground supporting building code loads, p. 360R-48
Introduction
Design considerations
Design of slabs for refrigerated facilities, p. 360R-49
Introduction
Design and specification considerations
Temperature drawdown
Reducing effects of slab shrinkage and curling, p. 360R-50
Introduction
Drying and thermal shrinkage
Curling and warping
Factors that affect shrinkage and curling
Compressive strength and shrinkage
Compressive strength and abrasion resistance
Removing restraints to shrinkage
Base and vapor retarders/barriers
Distributed reinforcement to reduce curling and number of joints
Thickened edges to reduce curling
Relation between curing and curling
Warping stresses in relation to joint spacing
Warping stresses and deformation
Effect of eliminating sawcut contraction joints with post-tensioning or shrinkage-compensating concrete
Summary and conclusions
References, p. 360R-57
Referenced standards and reports
Cited references
APPENDIX
Appendix 1-Design examples using PCA method, p. 360R-61
A1.1-Introduction
A1.2-PCA thickness design for single-axle load
A1.3-PCA thickness design for slab with post loading
A1.4-Other PCA design information
Appendix 2-Slab thickness design by WRI method, p. 360R-63
A2.1-Introduction
A2.2-WRI thickness selection for single-axle wheel load
A2.3-WRI thickness selection for aisle moment due to uniform loading
Appendix 3-Design examples using COE charts,p. 360R-64
A3.1-Introduction
A3.2-Vehicle wheel loading
A3.3-Heavy forklift loading
Appendix 4-Slab design using post-tensioning,p. 360R-67
A4.1-Design example: Residential slabs on expansive soil
A4.2-Design example: Using post-tensioning to minimize cracking
ACI 360R-06 - Design of Slabs On Ground
